Peer
In the context of running a full node, a “peer” is another individual also operating a full node.
P2P
Stands for Peer-to-Peer. This term refers to networks where participants connect directly to each other instead of through a central authority.
Pump and Dump
This is a situation where a cryptocurrency’s price rapidly escalates and then drastically falls. Pump and dumps are often the result of market manipulation by groups aiming to make a profit.
Paper Wallet
This is a physical paper that holds a private key, a public key, and usually their corresponding QR codes.
Pump
A sudden and substantial increase in the price of a cryptocurrency.
Permissionless
This term is used to describe public blockchains such as Bitcoin, where anyone can create an address and execute transactions.
Output
In the context of a cryptocurrency transaction, an output is a collection of addresses that receive the coins.
Orphan
An orphan is a block detached from the primary blockchain because it did not receive validation from the majority of miners.
Ouroboros
Ouroboros is Cardano’s Proof-of-stake algorithm. It is employed to randomly select the next node responsible for block production. Ouroboros segments real-world time into epochs and slots, with slot leaders, chosen from stakeholders, being granted the exclusive right to produce one block.
Open Source
This term describes software whose code is publicly accessible online, allowing anyone to view and propose enhancements to it.